Historical land use and land-use change in Great Britain 1930s-2007 SUMMARY This dataset contains summary data regarding historical (1930s) land use and land-use change between 1930s and 2007 according to broad land-use categories. Data provided are summary values at the 10-km grid square 'hectad' level of the British National Grid, specifying the proportion and proportion of change in broad land-use categories. LICENSING AND SOURCE DATA INFORMATION This dataset is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC 4.0). Historical data are based on the first UK Land Utilisation Survey (Stamp 1931). For England and Wales, digitisation of the historical maps contains information supplied by Natural England, based on methods developed by Baily et al. (2011). For Scotland, map images were digitised using the R package HistMapR (Auffret et al. 2017). Land Utilisation Survey maps and derived data are protected by copyright until 2036. Publication of this summary dataset is due to the kind permission of the copyright holder Mr Giles N. Clark. Modern (2007) land-use data are derived from the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology's Land Cover Map (LCM2007; Morton et al. 2011). The processing of source data to produce this dataset is described in detail in Suggitt et al. (2023a) CITATION When using these data, please cite both this dataset (Suggitt et al. 2023b) and the accompanying publication (Suggitt et al. 2023a) FILES 1. GB_LandUseChange_Data.csv - table containing summary data, 2802 rows and 15 columns hectad: The name of the British national grid 10km grid square (hectad) hectad.xcoord: The x-coordinate of the hectad's southwest corner. hectad.ycoord: The y-coordinate of the hectad's southwest corner. hab.pix: The number of 25m pixels within the hectad that were classified in both the historical land utilisation survey and modern land cover map. Excludes for example saltwater, some coastal habitats and a 75m buffer around the modern road network. See Suggitt et al. 2023a for details. LUS.ara: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as arable land in the historical land utilisation survey. LUS.gra: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as grassland in the historical land utilisation survey (original categories lowland meadow and pasture and rough grazing and heathland). LUS.urb: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as urban in the historical land utilisation survey (original categories urban and suburban). LUS.wdl: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as woodland in the historical land utilisation survey. LUS.wat: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as surface water in the historical land utilisation survey. In Scotland, this is based on a modern layer of surface water (See Suggitt et al. 2023a for details). land.conv: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that changed category between the historical land utilisation survey and the modern land cover map. chg.ara: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as arable in the modern land cover map minus the proportion of pixels that were classified as arable in historical land utilisation survey. chg.gra: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as grassland in the modern land cover map minus the proportion of pixels that were classified as grassland in historical land utilisation survey. chg.urb: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as urban in the modern land cover map minus the proportion of pixels that were classified as urban in historical land utilisation survey. chg.wdl: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as woodland in the modern land cover map minus the proportion of pixels that were classified as woodland in historical land utilisation survey. chg.imp.gra: The proportion of pixels (hab.pix) that were classified as agriculturally-improved grassland in the modern land cover map. Cover of this land-use category in the historical land utilisation survey is deemed negligible. 2. GB_LandUseChange_Raster.tiff - raster data containing separate layers for historical land use and land-use change values in from the table GB_LandUseChange_Data.csv. Coordinate system is British National Grid EPSG:27700. 3. GB_LandUseChange_LowlandGrasslandChange.csv - table containing data on lowland grassland change, 2802 rows and 10 columns hectad: The name of the British national grid 10km grid square (hectad) hectad.xcoord: The x-coordinate of the hectad's southwest corner. hectad.ycoord: The y-coordinate of the hectad's southwest corner. LUS.low.mea.gra: The number of pixels in the hectad that were classified as lowland meadow and pasture in the historical land utilisation survey. LCM.ara: The number of pixels in the hectad that were classified as lowland meadow and pasture in the historical land utilisation survey and as arable in the modern land cover map. LCM.gra: The number of pixels in the hectad that were classified as lowland meadow and pasture in the historical land utilisation survey and as grassland in the modern land cover map. LCM.urb: The number of pixels in the hectad that were classified as lowland meadow and pasture in the historical land utilisation survey and as urban in the modern land cover map. LCM.wdl: The number of pixels in the hectad that were classified as lowland meadow and pasture in the historical land utilisation survey and as woodland in the modern land cover map. LCM.wat: The number of pixels in the hectad that were classified as lowland meadow and pasture in the historical land utilisation survey and as surface water in the modern land cover map. LCM.imp.gra: The number of pixels in the hectad that were classified as lowland meadow and pasture in the historical land utilisation survey and as agriculturally-improved grassland in the modern land cover map. 4. GB_LandUseChange_Code.R - R code used to reproduce figures from Suggitt et al. (2023a) using the above three files. 5. GB_LandUseChange_Classes.pdf - table showing how land-use categories in the historical and modern land-use maps were grouped to form the broad categories used in this dataset. REFERENCES Auffret, A.G., Kimberley, A., Plue, J., Skånes, H., Jakobsson, S., Waldén, E., Wennbom, M., Wood, H., Bullock, J.M., Cousins, S.A.O., Gartz, M., Hooftman, D.A.P., Tränk, L., 2017, HistMapR: Rapid digitization of historical land-use maps in R, Methods in Ecology and Evolution 8: 1453-1457. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12788 Baily, B., Riley, M., Aucott, P. & Southall, H., 2011, Extracting digital data from the First Land Utilisation Survey of Great Britain – Methods, issues and potential, Applied Geography 31: 959-968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.12.007 Morton, D., Rowland, C., Wood, C., Meek, L., Marston, C., Smith, G., Wadsworth, R., Simpson, I.C., 2011, Final Report for LCM2007 – the new UK Land Cover Map, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, UK. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/14854 Stamp, D.L., 1931, The Land Utilisation Survey of Britain. Geographical Journal 78: 40-47. https://doi.org/10.2307/1784994 Suggitt, A.J., Wheatley, C.J., Aucott, P., Beale, C.M., Fox, R., Hill, J.K., Isaac, N.J.B., Martay, B., Southall, H., Thomas, C.D., Walker, K.J., Auffret, A.G., 2023, Linking climate warming and land conversion to species’ range changes across Great Britain, Nature Communications, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-42475-0 Suggitt, A.J., Wheatley, C.J., Aucott, P., Beale, C.M., Fox, R., Hill, J.K., Isaac, N.J.B., Martay, B., Southall, H., Thomas, C.D., Walker, K.J., Auffret, A.G., 2023b, Historical land use and land-use change in Great Britain 1930s-2007, Swedish National Data Service, https://doi.org/10.5878/9wks-qg91